GI\u1ea2I NGH\u0128A T\u1eea “SA B\u00c0N” V\u00c0 T\u1eea “M\u00d4 H\u00ccNH”: T\u01af\u01a0NG \u0110\u1ed2NG, KH\u00c1C BI\u1ec6T V\u00c0 C\u00c1CH D\u00d9NG CHU\u1ea8N X\u00c1C<\/p>\n
\u200bTrong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 sa b\u00e0n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, sa b\u00e0n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ADN, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh…<\/p>\n
\u200bM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hai t\u1eeb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf cho nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt thu nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc, “sa b\u00e0n” v\u00e0 “m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh” c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n
\u200b1. Gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb “Sa b\u00e0n” (\u6c99\u76e4)<\/p>\n
\u200bNgu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng<\/p>\n
\u200b”Sa b\u00e0n” l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed5:<\/p>\n
\u200bSa (\u6c99): Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1t.<\/p>\n
\u200bB\u00e0n (\u76e4): Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1i khay, c\u00e1i \u0111\u0129a, c\u00e1i b\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n
\u200bB\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/p>\n
\u200bNgh\u0129a g\u1ed1c: Sa b\u00e0n nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc khay ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1t (ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u00f9n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eafp n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai, s\u00f4ng h\u1ed3, thung l\u0169ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i.<\/p>\n
\u200bNg\u1eef c\u1ea3nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n: T\u1eeb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u1eeb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh d\u00f9ng sa b\u00e0n c\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n t\u00ednh binh ph\u00e1p, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
\u200b\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: Sa b\u00e0n lu\u00f4n g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt\/quy ho\u1ea1ch. Ng\u00e0y nay, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1t m\u00e0 thay b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea1ch cao, nh\u1ef1a hay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed 3D, b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a sa b\u00e0n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd.<\/p>\n
\u200b2. Gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb “M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh” (\u6a21\u578b \/ Model)<\/p>\n
\u200bNgu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng<\/p>\n
\u200bM\u00f4 (\u6a21): Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu, c\u00e1i m\u1eabu, h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n
\u200bH\u00ecnh (\u5f62): Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng, h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3, di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n
\u200bB\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/p>\n
\u200bNgh\u0129a g\u1ed1c: M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra d\u1ef1a theo h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7, ho\u1eb7c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c quan s\u00e1t, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n
\u200b\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: “M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh” c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi ngh\u0129a r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd hay v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 3D c\u1ea7m n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n
\u200bM\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd (3D): M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e1y bay, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 \u1edf.<\/p>\n
\u200bM\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft\/kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m: M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n
Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/p>\n
Sa b\u00e0n<\/p>\n
M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh<\/p>\n
G\u1ed1c t\u1eeb<\/p>\n
H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t (Sa = C\u00e1t, B\u00e0n = Khay\/B\u00e0n)<\/p>\n
H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t (M\u00f4 = Khu\u00f4n, H\u00ecnh = D\u1ea1ng)<\/p>\n
B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/p>\n
Ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh – Kh\u00f4ng gian – Th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn<\/p>\n
Ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh H\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng – C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac – Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd<\/p>\n
Ph\u1ea1m vi bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/p>\n
H\u1eb9p (Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng gian, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 3D)<\/p>\n
R\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng (Bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 3D v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/p>\n
M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7<\/p>\n
Sa b\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1ed9ng bao h\u00e0m c\u1ea3 sa b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/p>\n
Sa b\u00e0n tr\u1eadn \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, Sa b\u00e0n quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n
M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh Canva, M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh xe h\u01a1i.<\/p>\n
4. C\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/p>\n
\u200b\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc sau:<\/p>\n
\u200bD\u00f9ng “Sa b\u00e0n” khi:<\/p>\n
\u200b\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (s\u00f4ng, n\u00fai, \u0111\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y, l\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3o) ho\u1eb7c quy ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng gian r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn (chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, khu ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng).<\/p>\n
\u200bV\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u00fang: “Sa b\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch L\u1ecbch s\u1eed”, “Sa b\u00e0n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n sinh th\u00e1i”.<\/p>\n
\u200bD\u00f9ng “M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh” khi:<\/p>\n
\u200b\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb (ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0, chi\u1ebfc xe, l\u00e1 ph\u1ed5i, ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ADN).<\/p>\n
\u200b\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, quy tr\u00ecnh hay kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m (kinh t\u1ebf, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb).<\/p>\n
\u200bV\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u00fang: “M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u0103n h\u1ed9 m\u1eabu” (thay v\u00ec sa b\u00e0n c\u0103n h\u1ed9), “M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi”, “M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac”.<\/p>\n
\u200bK\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/p>\n
\u200bN\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn: M\u1ecdi sa b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 sa b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n
\u200bHi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 g\u1ed1c ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a “sa b\u00e0n” (g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, c\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea5t) v\u00e0 “m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh” (g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu, h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng) s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c h\u01a1n trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2584,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tinh-nguyen-vien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=199"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2917,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/199\/revisions\/2917"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2584"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=199"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=199"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=199"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}