NGHI\u00caN C\u1ee8U V\u1ec0 \u0110\u1ecaA H\u00ccNH V\u00c0 DI\u1ec4N BI\u1ebeN L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec TR\u00caN SA B\u00c0N L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec<\/p>\n
\u200bSa b\u00e0n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh thu nh\u1ecf mang t\u00ednh m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hay c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc. \u1ede g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc, sa b\u00e0n l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m k\u1ebft tinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh (Topography) v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1ecbch s\u1eed (Historiography). Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng gian tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n
\u200b1. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh trong Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Sa b\u00e0n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/p>\n
\u200b\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 “b\u00e0n c\u1edd” quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i do \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a, x\u00f3i m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u00f3, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u00e0m sa b\u00e0n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd l\u1ecbch s\u1eed (Historical Geography reconstruction):<\/p>\n
\u200bT\u00e1i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9: C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ed5, \u1ea3nh v\u1ec7 tinh, b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i, \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y, r\u1eebng r\u1eadm hay c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m di\u1ec5n ra s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
\u200bT\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c: Sa b\u00e0n c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t (1:1000, 1:5000,…). Vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3p m\u00e9o t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9 cao hay kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m sai l\u1ec7ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt, t\u1ea7m b\u1eafn c\u1ee7a v\u0169 kh\u00ed hay \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
\u200bM\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean: C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 th\u1ed5 nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m di\u1ec5n ra tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u00f9a m\u01b0a l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh b\u00f9n l\u1ea7y) c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n chi ti\u1ebft tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sa b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a binh l\u00ednh.<\/p>\n
\u200b2. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/p>\n
\u200bSau khi d\u1ef1ng xong “ph\u00f4ng n\u1ec1n” \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u00ean sa b\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tin c\u1eady:<\/p>\n
\u200bT\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian: C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eadt k\u00fd chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1, bi\u00ean ni\u00ean s\u1eed v\u00e0 k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n, h\u01b0\u1edbng di chuy\u1ec3n, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5 s\u00fang v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf tr\u1eadn theo t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (ch\u1eb7ng\/\u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng).<\/p>\n
Gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 t\u01b0 duy chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt: \u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean sa b\u00e0n gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
\u200bV\u00ed d\u1ee5: Sa b\u00e0n Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 l\u00fd do \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m “\u0110\u00e1nh nhanh, th\u1eafng nhanh” sang “\u0110\u00e1nh ch\u1eafc, ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eafc” khi th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m cao v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3o M\u01b0\u1eddng Thanh.<\/p>\n
\u200bV\u00ed d\u1ee5: Sa b\u00e0n tr\u1eadn B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem h\u00ecnh dung r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o gi\u1eefa y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u (th\u1eddi gian) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh l\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng, b\u00e3i c\u1ecdc (kh\u00f4ng gian).<\/p>\n
\u200bPh\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: S\u1ef1 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 (b\u1ed9 binh, ph\u00e1o binh, xe t\u0103ng) theo \u0111\u00fang t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gi\u00fap ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng minh, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n
\u200b3. S\u1ef1 K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i trong Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Sa b\u00e0n<\/p>\n
\u200bNg\u00e0y nay, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u00ean sa b\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc sang m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7:<\/p>\n
\u200bSa b\u00e0n \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c (Interactive\/Digital Sandbox): K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng Laser, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh LED v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e2m thanh\/\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c (real-time), cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem theo d\u00f5i t\u1eebng m\u0169i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
\u200b\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u GIS v\u00e0 3D scanning: Gi\u00fap s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1edbi t\u1eebng m\u00e9t, cho ph\u00e9p d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n sao sa b\u00e0n s\u1ed1 (Digital Twin) ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n
\u200bK\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/p>\n
\u200bNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u00ean sa b\u00e0n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 giao thoa tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi gi\u1eefa Khoa h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd, Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt T\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t sa b\u00e0n chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee5 hay v\u1eadt tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, gi\u00fap th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn, kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1954,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,9,18,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-185","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bai-hoc","category-du-lich-nghe","category-trinh-do-a1","category-trinh-do-b1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=185"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2923,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/185\/revisions\/2923"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1954"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=185"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=185"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sabanlichsudientu.io.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=185"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}